Audiology - Communication Research
https://audiolcommres.org.br/article/doi/10.1590/2317-6431-2026-3155pt
Audiology - Communication Research
Original Article

Correlação entre as variáveis clínicas e a autopercepção da disfagia orofaríngea em indivíduos com doença de Parkinson

Correlation of clinical variables and self-perception of oropharyngeal dysphagia in individuals with Parkinson’s disease

Esther Honorato de Almeida Barreto; Ana Maria da Costa dos Santos Reis

http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/2317-6431-2026-3155pt Audiol. Commun. Res., vol.31, e3155, 2026
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Resumo

Objetivo: correlacionar as variáveis clínicas de gênero, idade e tempo de diagnóstico com a autopercepção da disfagia orofaríngea em indivíduos com doença de Parkinson.

Métodos: estudo observacional, transversal e retrospectivo realizado no período de abril de 2023 a setembro de 2025. A amostra foi constituída por prontuários de 60 indivíduos com diagnóstico de doença de Parkinson. Foram analisados os dados do Swallowing Disturbance Questionnaire (SDQ) e variáveis clínicas. A análise dos dados foi realizada por meio do software JASP 0.95.4. A normalidade dos dados foi verificada a partir do teste de Shapiro-Wilk. Utilizou-se o teste t para amostras independentes, ou teste de Mann–Whitney, e os coeficientes de correlação de Pearson ou Spearman. O nível de significância adotado foi de 5%.

Resultados: a amostra apresentou predominância do gênero masculino (n=41; 68,3%). Na análise do questionário SDQ, a pontuação total média da amostra indicou que 53,33% (n=32) dos participantes apresentaram risco para disfagia orofaríngea. Não houve correlação entre autopercepção da disfagia nos indivíduos com doença de Parkinson e as variáveis clínicas de gênero (p = 0,218), idade (p = 0,491) e tempo de diagnóstico (p = 0,084).

Conclusão: embora tenha sido identificado um número expressivo de indivíduos com risco para disfagia orofaríngea, não houve correlação entre as variáveis analisadas. Esses resultados reforçam que a conduta fonoaudiológica deve priorizar o monitoramento desse sintoma, independentemente do tempo de diagnóstico ou da ausência de queixas, sendo necessário complementá-lo com avaliação clínica fonoaudiológica.

Palavras-chave

Doença de Parkinson; Transtornos de deglutição; Fonoaudiologia; Questionários; Autoavaliação

Abstract

Purpose: To correlate the clinical variables of sex, age, and disease duration with self-perceived oropharyngeal dysphagia in individuals with Parkinson’s disease.

Methods: This was an observational, cross-sectional, retrospective study conducted from April 2023 to September 2025. The sample consisted of medical records of 60 individuals diagnosed with Parkinson’s disease. Data from the Swallowing Disturbance Questionnaire (SDQ) and clinical variables were analyzed. Data analysis was performed using JASP version 0.95.4. Data normality was assessed using the Shapiro–Wilk test. The independentsamples t-test or Mann–Whitney test and Pearson or Spearman correlation coefficients were used. The significance level was set at 5%.

Results: The sample consisted of 60 individuals with PD, with a predominance of males (n=41; 68.3%). Based on the SDQ scores, 53.33% (n=32) of participants had scores indicating risk for oropharyngeal dysphagia. No significant relationships were found between self-perceived dysphagia and the clinical variables of sex (p = 0.218), age (p = 0.491), and disease duration (p = 0.084).

Conclusion: More than half of the participants had scores indicating risk for dysphagia. There was no significant relationship between self-perceived OD in individuals with PD and the clinical variables of sex, age, and disease duration. These results reinforce that speech-language pathology management should prioritize monitoring of this symptom, regardless of disease duration or the absence of complaints, complemented by a clinical swallowing assessment.

Keywords

Parkinson disease; Deglutition disorders; Speech-language pathology; Questionnaires; Self-testing

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Submitted date:
03/17/2026

Accepted date:
07/22/2026

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